img

官方微信

高级检索

中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 177-187.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00156

• • 上一篇    

浑善达克沙地沉积地层易溶盐的组成特征及其影响因素

任孝宗1(), 杨小平2   

  1. 1.太原师范学院 地理科学学院/汾河流域地表过程与资源生态安全山西省重点实验室,山西 晋中 030619
    2.浙江大学 地球科学学院,浙江 杭州 310027
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-25 修回日期:2025-10-09 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 作者简介:任孝宗(1983—),男,甘肃白银人,博士,副教授,主要从事水化学、水文地球化学方面的研究。E-mail: renxzmail@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省基础研究计划(自由探索类)项目(202403021211205)

Composition of soluble salts in sedimentary strata of the Hunshandake Sandy Land and its influencing factors

Xiaozong Ren1(), Xiaoping Yang2   

  1. 1.School of Geography Science / Shanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecological Security in Fenhe River Basin,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxi,China
    2.School of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China
  • Received:2025-08-25 Revised:2025-10-09 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-13

摘要:

沙漠/沙地沉积物中普遍含有的易溶盐影响着区域乃至全球盐分循环,其表层沉积物易溶盐的形成常被认为与气候关系密切,而对表层以下沉积物易溶盐的形成因素争议较多。本文对浑善达克沙地赛罕锡林(SX)和巴彦诺尔(BN)两个沉积地层的易溶盐进行浸提,分析浸提液的水化学综合指标、水化学类型和主量组分。结果表明:除个别样品外,SX和BN剖面易溶盐浸提液的TDS(溶解性固体总量)较低,pH呈中性—微碱性,且前者表层风成沙、古土壤和浅色风成沙的TDS均值均较后者高,而除表层风成沙外,其pH均值均较后者低。对SX和BN剖面表层风成沙易溶盐种类和数量的分析表明,不同于中国西部沙漠优势阴、阳离子的种类为Cl-和Na+,相对湿润的SX和BN剖面则为HCO3-和Ca2+;其易溶盐含量则与中国西部沙漠类似,均与干燥度指数密切相关,主要受现代气候的控制,同时也受物源等区域环境的影响。古土壤及其以下各层沉积物易溶盐受古气候影响显著,出现了与当时湿润气候相对应的淋溶层和CaCO3淀积层,离子交换和简单溶解/线性混合等水化学过程也影响着剖面沉积物易溶盐的分布。此外,生物和人类活动通过多种方式对沉积物易溶盐的分布产生影响。

关键词: 浑善达克沙地, 沉积地层, 易溶盐, 水化学, 影响因素

Abstract:

The soluble salts commonly found in desert/sandy land affect the salt cycle in regions and even globally. The formation of soluble salts in surface sediments is often considered related to climate, while there is much controversy over the factors that contribute to the formation of soluble salts in sub-surface sediments. Soluble salts extracted from two Holocene sections, Saihanxili (SX) and Bayan Nur (BN), in the Hunshandake Sandy Land, were sampled. The synthetic parameters, hydrochemical types, and major ion contents of the extraction solution were analyzed. The results showed that except for a few samples, the TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) of the soluble salt extract from SX and BN sections was low, and the pH was neutral to slightly alkaline. Additionally, the average values of TDS from aeolian sand, paleosol, and light-colored aeolian sand in the surface layers of the SX section were higher than those in the BN section, while the average values of pH from all layers except the surface aeolian sand layer were lower. The average TDS and pH of the soluble salt extract from the surface layer of aeolian sand in SX section were higher than those in BN section. An analysis of the types and quantities of soluble salts in the surface aeolian sand layer of the SX and BN sections showed that, unlike the dominant ions Cl- and Na+ in western deserts of China, the SX and BN sections from relatively humid areas exhibited HCO3- and Ca2+ as the primary ions. The soluble salt content in these sections was similar to that in western deserts of China, closely correlated with the aridity index and primarily controlled by modern climate, while also influenced by regional environmental factors such as sediment sources. The soluble salts in paleosol and its lower layer sediment are significantly influenced by the ancient environment and climate, resulting in leaching and CaCO3 deposition corresponding to the humid climate at that time. Water chemical processes such as ion exchange and simple dissolution/linear mixing also affect the distribution of soluble salts in the sections. In addition, biological and human activities affect the distribution of soluble salts in sediments through various means.

Key words: Hunshandake Sandy Land, sedimentary strata, soluble salts, hydrochemistry, influencing factors

中图分类号: